Heater



(No Model.)

C. HEMJE.

HEATER.

No. 595,0l8 Patented Deo.7,1897.

0IKEF UNITEE STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES I'IEMJE, OF ANNAPOLIS, MARYLAND.

HEATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 595,018, dated December 7, 1897.

Application filed July 6, 1897. Serial No. 643,547. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, CHARLES HEMJE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Annapolis, in the county of Anne Arundel and State of Maryland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Heaters; and I do hereby declare the following to be afull, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as Will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in heaters which derive their heating capacity from any kind of heating-stove, the object being to utilize the heat which ordinarily passes directly through and out of the chimney for the purpose of heating other rooms either on the saine iioor or on the floor above by means of letting this escaping heat pass through such heaters before it reaches the chimney.

The invention consists in the construction of certain details and arrangements of parts, as will be more fully described hereinafter, and specically pointed out in the claims, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and the letters of reference Amarked thereon.

Like letters indicate similar parts in the different iigures of the drawings, in which- Figure l represents the general arrangement for one or two heaters and the necessary connection with the stove When the heaters are located on t-he iioor above the stove. Fig. 2 represents a vertical section through my improved heater. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section through the saine on the line B B of Fig. 2.

The heaters now generally in use derive their heating capacity from an attachment to the stove or to the stovepipe in which the air is heated and then distributed through registers, dac., into other rooms. In nearly all cases the air to be heated is drawn from the room in which the stove is located. Hence if the air in this room is impure or foul this impure air passes through the heating device and is discharged into the rooms to be heated by it. To avoid this defect is one of the objects of my improvement, as will be fully eX- plained later on.

Another disadvantage with the present style of hot-air heaters is that when the registers are opened and thehot air ascends the temperature in the room in which the stove is located falls considerable, because Warm air is continually drawn from the room in which the stove is located, which loss of Warm air has to be made up by cold air entering from outside. This disadvantage has been overcome by my improved heater, as no air can pass from one room into another through my heater.

The principal objects of my improvements are, iirst, to provide a heater which does not require a speciallyconstructed stove, but which can be applied to any type of stove at comparatively small cost 5 second, to provide a heater which when in use will not reduce the heating capacity of the stove by absorbing heated air from the room in which the stove is located, as is now the case; third, to provide a heater through which no impure or foul air or dust can pass from one room into another, as is now generally the case; fourth, to provide a heater which derives its heating capacity from heat which now escapes directly into and through the chimney, thus creating far more heat from the same amount of fuel.

Fig. 1 represents an ordinary stove S, arranged so that the heat, if desired, instead of escaping directly into and out of the chimney ascends through a pipe P, preferably located within the chimney, reaching to aheight slightly above the Hoor, at which point it forms into branch pipes M, cach of which enters a heater at the lower part of its outer jacket O, a discharge-pipe N connecting the heater with the chimney, as shown in Fig. l.

Fig. 2 represents a vertical section through the heater, and Fig. 3 a horizonal section through the same on the line B B of Fig. 2.

The heater may be of circular, oval, rectangular, or any other suitable form, the one shown in Figs. 2 and 3 and to be described being circular. As shown, the heater is formed by au outer jacket O and aninner jacket I, which form between them an annular space E, which is tightly closed at the bottom as well as at the top by a casting or otherwise. For appearance sake, dac., the outer jacket O is preferably made slightly larger in diameter at the lower part; also, for the purpose of giving a more unobstructed access of the heat from the pipe into the annular space E, formed by the jackets O and I, the ring or offset formed by this enlargement serving to better distribute the heat through the entire annular space E. As shown in Fig. 2, the jacket I is formed on the upper end like the frustum of a cone for the object of in- TOO creasing the yheating-surface of the top plate to give a better escape of the heat into the chimney and to lead the air which is heated in the annular space F between the jacket I and the inner cylinder K out through .-a circular opening, so that by placing an elevated grate over this circular 'opening things may be kept warm on this grate, at the same time allowing the heated air to pass into the room.

The area of the opening in the top platey should therefore be proportioned to the area of the annular space F. 'The space inclosed by the inner jacket I is either wholly or partially left open at the tbottom as well as at the top. Ina convenient part of thepipe P or of its elbow an openingRis provided, and a hinged or otherwise movable door or shutter G, .as shown in Fig. l, is arranged so that it directs the draft either through the opening R into therchimney or through the pipe P into the heaters. `On the pivoting-shaft of the vshutter G anarm is provided, 4to which a rod is attached for manipulating vthe shutter. The branch pipe IVI as well .as the discharge-pipe N ,are provided with ordinary dampers cl, as shown in Fig. 2, preferably perforated, so as to allow the gas -to escape when the damper Vis closed.

The stove and the heater, when the lattery is on the floor above, are manipulated as follows: `When starting vthe fire, the door or` shutter G is set as shown in Fig. l, so that itI closes the pipe Pand at the same timeopens the Aopening Rallowing the smoke to pass When the re' into and out of the chimney. is well under way, the door Vor shutter G is set so as to open the pipe P and close they opening R in the latter, thus letting the heat ascend the pipe P through the branch pipe Minto the heater and out of the heater by.

the discharge pipe N into the chimney.

When the full ,heating capacity is desired,

the damper CZ in the supply-pipe M should be wide open, while lthe damperY cl in the dis-` charge-pipe N should be closed, the -perforations in the damper being sufficient to let the gas escape.

closed, allowing only a small amount of heat to enter the heater through the perforations in the damper, while the damper in thedischarge-,pipe N .should be partly or wide open, so as to quickly relieve ythe heater. as the shutter G is adjusted so as to close the opening Rthe heat passes into the an-f` nular space E of the heater, formed by they outer jacket O and inner jacket I, which is tightly closed at top and bottom. Both jackets becoming hot radiate heat, the outer one directly into the room, and the inner one into thespace which it incloses, from .whence the heat will passinto the room through the openf When but little -heat is desired, l the damper in the supply-pipe lVI should ,be-

Assoon jacket I an annular space F, thereby greatly reducing the quantity of air subjected to the heating effect of the jacket I. The small quantity or thin layer of air contained between the cylinder K and jacket I will now be heated to a much higher degree than the whole contents of the inner jacket I was before. Therefore a constant and rapid circulation will be set up, cold air being drawn from the iioor and entering the space F, while the hot air passes out at the top, as shown by the arrows in Fig. 2.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. The herein-described heater consisting of three cylinders of different diameter, forming between them two annular spaces, the outer annular space being closed at vthe top and bottom, having openings provided for the admission of heat into said space and for its escape from the same, the inner cylinder being spaced from the middleone so as to provide an unobstructed passage for the air, substantially as described.

2. The herein-described heater consisting of threefcylinders .of different diameter, arranged so as to form between them two annular spaces, the middle cylinder being surmounted by the frustum of a cone, the outer annular space being closed at the top .and bottom, having openings provided for the admission of heat into said space and vfor its escape from the same, the inner cylinder being spaced from the middle one so as to provide an unobstructed passage for the air,

substantially as described.

`cylinder being made larger at the lower end by an offset, the outer annular space being A.closed at the top and bottom while the inner `annular space is open at the top and bottom,

with suitable means for the admission of the heat into and escape of the same from the .outer annular space, substantially as shown and described.

4. The herein-described heater consisting of three cylinders of diiferent diameter, arranged to form two annular spaces, the outer cylinder being made larger atthe lower end `by an offset, while the middle cylinder vis shaped at the upper end like the frustum of a cone, the outer annular space being closed at the top and bottom while the inner annular space is open at the top and bottom, with suitable means for the admission of the heat into and escape of the same from the outer annular space, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I afX my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES HEMJE.

Vitnesses:

JEREMIAH T. Davis, SAMUEL DAvIs.

lOO

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